From Scratchpad

The "red planet" of Mars in the universe of Alternate Earth and the Local Solar System, like Venus (see Venus in AELSS), was terraformed to Earth-like conditions thousands of years ago. Mars is politically divided into dozens of city-states, which are often rivals of each other. The Martian city-states are generally governed as democratic republics, though they often go to war with each other over resources and territory. The two Martian moons of Phobos and Deimos are governed as independent democratic republics. The city-states are sometimes aligned with an Earth-based nation (see Eurasian Dominate and Pan-American Collective).